Exercises

Exercise 1

    • Čtěte nahlas a přeložte.

    18 Have some!
    7 Is there anybody here?
    10 There are many foreigners here.
    2 What's your name?
    16 We can't wait.
    11 How much is it?
    9 That's my sister's car.
    3 Let me introduce myself.
    5 I'm not from here.
    6 Where are you from?
    4 My name is ...
    19 I hope not.
    20 I have to go.
    15 Can you help us?
    1 He's a learner of English.
    13 What will you do?
    12 That's not true!
    17 You'll have to ask him.
    8 Are they waiting for me?
    14 Shall we go?

    Exercise 2

    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    1 45 children
    7 2,568
    2 267 people
    8 17,999.5
    10 14,064,559
    5 3.06
    9 376,750
    6 86.05
    4 16.78
    3 876.7

    V angličtině lze vyslovovat vyšší číslovky i pomocí násobku celých stovek, a to i pro čísla nad 2000. Např. 1,200 - twelve hundred, 2,500 - twenty-five hundred ap. Místo slova number se před číslem často píše No. či no.

    Exercise 3

    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte.

    7
    12
    6
    9
    8
    4
    1
    11
    2
    3
    10
    5

    Exercise 4

    • Spojte výroky. Naučte se názvy zemí a pojmenování jejich příslušníků.

    • 1 John is English.
    • 2 Lucia is Spanish.
    • 3 Ivan is Russian.
    • 4 Helga and Kurt are German.
    • 5 Bob and Jane are American.
    • 6 Keiko is Japanese.
    • 7 Cheng is Chinese.
    • 8 Luis and Jean are French.
    • 9 Mark and Alison are Irish.
    • 10 Paolo and Valeria are Italian.
    • f She's from Spain.
    • g They're from the USA.
    • c They're from Germany.
    • h He's from Russia.
    • d He's from England.
    • j She's from Japan.
    • i They're from France.
    • e They're from Italy.
    • b He's from China.
    • a They're from Ireland.

    Další národnosti a státní příslušníky si můžete najít ve slovníku. Nestandardní jsou ale například: dánský - Danish ˈdeɪnɪʃ, ale Dán je Dane deɪn, španělský - Spanish spænɪʃ, ale Španěl je Spaniard ˈspænjəd. My ale už víme, že: “Je to Španěl.” lze říct jednoduše pomocí adjektiva: He's Spanish. Stačí si uvědomit, kdy užít anglické podstatné jméno a kdy adjektivum.

    Exercise 5

    • Doplňte podle kontextu správná zájmena.

    5 Here's your milk. Drink now!
    3 Our dog is hungry. We must give some food.
    10 Look. There's Bob's sister! No, that's not . She has dark hair.
    9 Can I speak to , John?
    1 There's my brother. Go ask .
    8 Our kids are too young. We can't take with us.
    6 We aren't ready. Can you wait for ?
    2 My sister is going out tonight. I'm going with .
    11 We must know this. Please, let know.
    12 I need to speak with him. Tell him to call .
    7 Who's that boy? What's name?
    4 Call your parents and ask . They'll tell you.

    Need to se užívá i jako muset (nutnost plynoucí z okolností). Např.: You need to stop it. - Musíš toho nechat., You need to listen to me. - Musíš mě poslouchat.

    Exercise 6

    • Uspořádejte slova do vět podle běžného anglického slovosledu.

    5 will - I - it - tell - tomorrow - him - about.
    3 her - tell - about - don't - it!
    7 back - will - we - be - about - six - at - p.m.
    4 you - the - tonight - coming - party - to - are?
    6 your - do - homework - when - you - will?
    2 long - it - take - will - how?
    8 like - weather - is - what - the - today?
    1 speak - to - need - I - you - to.

    Exercise 7

    • Doplňte do věty vhodné tvary slovesa be v přítomném čase.

    9 I right? No, you wrong!
    6 I not afraid of you.
    2 There lots of children.
    5 these books yours?
    4 I must hurry. My children waiting for me.
    10 Why you laughing?
    12 It true! He lying!
    7 Our children too young for that.
    8 Water good for you.
    1 Peter, you coming to the party tonight?
    11 How much money there? There 15 dollars.
    3 What going on?

    Do you get the joke? - Rozumíte vtipu? (Můžete užít slovník.): I have 10 legs, 8 arms and 3 heads. What am I? - A liar!

    Exercise 8

    • Doplňte podle nápovědy správné tvary přivlastňovacích zájmen.

    7 The kids are hungry. They want they food.
    2 You can't have it. It isn't you .
    1 What's that girl's name? she name is Jane.
    5 Is that your dog? What's it name?
    6 He can't call you. he phone isn't working.
    9 He's a good friend of I .
    4 It'll be at our house, not they .
    3 There are many parents with they children.
    8 I phone isn't working. Can I use you ?
    10 We want something for we children.

    Exercise 9

    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    12 We'll meet in/at/on my place in/at/on 6 p.m.
    8 Don't lie! Tell me the true/truth/right.
    10 I'm making/doing/putting my best. It'll be ready in/at/on 30 minutes.
    11 We're leaving/going/walking out tonight.
    4 My sister is six feet long/tall/big.
    14 Is it long/far/short from here?. No, you can walk there.
    13 Come for/to/on! We must hurry. We'll be late in/for/to school.
    5 What book are you watching/looking/reading?
    2 Which/Who/What are you looking for? – I'm looking for you.
    3 How much/many/little people will there be?
    6 I'm looking/seeing/watching TV now.
    9 Will you get/let/give me know?
    1 How much/old/tall is your dad? – He's 43.
    7 There will be not/no/any foreigners.

    Jít pěšky lze anglicky říct prostě jen walk, nebo také go on foot (jít na noze).

    Exercise 10

    • Doplňte do věty much nebo many.

    9 How is this car?
    7 How friends are coming?
    3 They've got kids and very little time.
    8 Hurry up. There isn't time.
    6 How luggage have you got?
    10 There are too cars.
    4 There isn't milk here.
    2 There won't be people.
    1 How money will you need?
    5 That's too information.

    Exercise 11

    • Doplňte do věty záporné stažené tvary slovesa be v přítomném čase.

    4 His parents glad.
    1 I ready.
    3 My brother here.
    9 There any money.
    5 There any kids.
    10 Why you at school?
    6 This book mine.
    7 We very happy.
    8 There many foreigners there.
    11 English phrases easy.
    2 She my sister.

    Exercise 12

    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    2 He's reading a book.
    6 We're going on holiday.
    5 They're playing a game.
    3 Jane is still sleeping.
    10 I'm not listening to you.
    12 We're going out tonight.
    4 I'm writing an e-mail.
    8 Mark is visiting his friend.
    11 My friends are having fun.
    1 John is leaving tomorrow.
    9 I'm watching a film on TV.
    7 Jane and Bob are coming.

    Exercise 13

    • Doplňte určité a neurčité členy, kde jsou třeba.

    4 The Thames is river in Britain.
    1 Jane is nice girl. She's British.
    3 British are nice people.
    9 Jean is French. He's French student.
    8 She's good friend of mine.
    5 There's lot of water in sea.
    2 Bob is American. He has house in USA.
    6 Can I have little water?
    7 There are ten cats in house.
    10 My friends are Irish. They're from Ireland.
    11 I'll take taxi to work.

    Taxík (taxi) se též nazývá cab kæb, což je původní název pro drožku. Metro v britské angličtině je the underground ˈʌndəˌgraʊnd (podzemka) a londýnskému metru se říká the tube tjuːb. Let's take the tube. tedy v Londýně znamená “Pojedeme metrem.” V USA říkají metru subway ˈsʌbˌweɪ, ale v Británii je subway podchod!

    Exercise 14

    • Spojte otázky a reakce.

    • 1 Am I disturbing you?
    • 2 What time will you be back?
    • 3 Shall we walk?
    • 4 Who are you looking for?
    • 5 Are you going on holiday?
    • 6 Is he American?
    • 7 How long will it take?
    • 8 What will you drink?
    • d No, come in!
    • c It'll be ready tomorrow.
    • f I need to speak to Mr Brown.
    • a No, we'll take a taxi.
    • h At about half past six.
    • e No, I think he's British.
    • g I'll leave that to you.
    • b Yes, we're going to the seaside.

    Zapamatujte si užitečný obrat: I'll leave that to you. - To nechám na vás. Podobně: Leave that to me. - Nech(te) to na mě.

    Exercise 15

    • Doplňte some, nebo any.

    10 Can he speak foreign languages?
    7 Have you got pets?
    9 I can't see children.
    1 We need time.
    8 of them are students.
    5 Can you give me money?
    2 Can I have water?
    4 There aren't people.
    3 Are there kids here?
    6 We haven't got milk.

    Exercise 16

    • Převeďte věty z času přítomného do budoucího prostého.

    6 He's not afraid.
    4 I'm leaving in ten minutes.
    9 What are you doing?
    12 We must do it.
    10 Who's coming?
    8 When are we leaving?
    3 My mum is making dinner.
    1 They are going on holiday.
    2 He isn't sleeping at home.
    11 I can't come.
    7 We aren't at home.
    5 We are meeting at my place.

    Exercise 17

    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    4 Pomůžeš mi? help
    7 Je málo času. little
    2 Učím se anglicky. learn
    13 Kolik je hodin? what time
    9 Kde se sejdeme? meet
    1 Angličtina je snadná. easy
    3 Neumím anglicky. speak
    8 Je něco k jídlu? anything to eat
    15 Já nespím! sleep
    6 Kdy odjíždíš? leave
    12 Dám mu vědět. let know
    10 Jsou tam nějaké děti? any
    5 Posloucháš mě? listen
    11 Nejsou tam žádní lidé. no
    14 Kdy přijedou? arrive

    Spát je anglicky to sleep, ale běžně lze užít i obrat be asleep əˈsliːp. Lze říct: He's sleeping., nebo He's asleep., Are you sleeping? nebo Are you asleep?

    Exercise 18

    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Grass in spring is
    • 2 Bananas are
    • 3 Chocolate is
    • 4 The sky at night is
    • 5 Good tomatoes are
    • 6 The sea is
    • 7 Oranges are
    • 8 Snow is
    • e yellow.
    • f green.
    • h black.
    • g blue.
    • b white.
    • a brown.
    • d orange.
    • c red.

    Exercise 19

    • Doplňte slovo opačného významu.

    8 There's too much work and too time.
    1 English is easy, but Japanese is .
    7 There will be many men but only women.
    5 His English is very good, but mine is .
    2 My brother is little and I am .
    6 She's sad and he's .
    4 Now we are young, but we'll be too.
    3 I'm cold and she's . I'm tall and she's .

    Exercise 20

    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    5 It's half to/past/at six. I'm going to/at/for work.
    2 She'll be back in/for/on an hour.
    11 It isn't far of/from/to here. We'll be there at/in/to time.
    3 We'll meet in/at/on my place in/at/on the evening.
    4 What are you doing in/at/on Monday?
    8 Where is he to/for/from?
    6 That's the house at/of/to my parents.
    12 She'll be here in/at/to five p.m. I'll speak on/to/at her.
    1 Look at/on/to him. He's afraid at/to/of you.
    9 I'll call you on/at/in the morning.
    10 We go there on/to/at weekends.
    7 Don't call me in/at/on night.

    Speak se pojí s předložkou to nebo with (mluvit s někým). Speak to obecně naznačuje spíše snahu o jednostrannou komunikaci (mluvit k někomu, z pozice autority ap.). Např.: I'll speak to him. - Promluvím (si) s ním. (domluvím mu ap.). Speak with naznačuje hlavně dialog. Např.: I'll speak with him. - Budu s ním mluvit.

    Exercise 21

    • Doplňte podle kontextu správné tvary sloves.

    12 We'll go shop tomorrow.
    1 A man is wait there for you.
    11 I want see it. Can you show it to me?
    2 Why are you sit here?
    6 Who know about it? I let you know.
    9 Stop it! It's get on my nerves.
    8 They not be now. They be back soon.
    4 We're just work on it. It be ready soon.
    5 My mum have no time.
    3 My brother speak four languages.
    10 What are you read ? My dad read a lot.
    13 Mark enjoy his work.
    7 How are you feel ?

    České sloveso bavit (co, koho) lze často přeložit anglickým enjoy (těšit se z něčeho, užívat si něco) nebo like (mít rád, líbit se). Je však třeba mít na paměti, že proti češtině dochází u těchto sloves k obrácení podmětu a přísudku! Tedy ne, že něco baví někoho, ale někdo má rád / užívá si něco. Např.: “Baví mě to.” - I enjoy it. ap. Když něco někoho už nebaví, většinou se užije obratu be tired of ..., tedy, že už je někdo z něčeho unavený. Např.: “Už mě to nebaví.” - I'm tired of it.

    Exercise 22

    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    5 Kolik je ti let? How are you?
    1 Odkud jste? Where are you ?
    7 Vypadá to na déšť. It looks rain.
    12 Jak je vysoký? How is he?
    11 Udělám, co budu moci. I'll do my .
    10 V kolik hodin přijdeš? What will you come?
    13 Mohu dál? - Samozřejmě! Can I in? - Of  !
    3 Bob má spoustu přátel. Bob a lot of friends.
    18 Užij(te) si to tam! your stay!
    16 Přidáte se k nám? Will you us?
    2 Odjíždíme za 2 dny. We're in two days.
    9 Uděláš to pro mě? you do it for me?
    14 Mohu se tě na něco zeptat? May I you something?
    15 Dnes večer jdeme někam ven. We're going out .
    4 Jane o tom ví. Jane about it.
    6 Promiňte, že jdu pozdě. Sorry, I'm .
    17 Bydlím v hotelu. I'm in a hotel.
    8 Neříkej mu to, prosím! Please tell him!

    Všimněte si, jak logicky jsou tvořena slovíčka: something - some+thing (nějaká věc - něco), nothing - no+thing (žádná věc - nic), everything - every+thing (každá věc - všechno) a anything - any+thing (jakákoli věc - cokoli). Podobně fungují slova somebody (někdo), nobody (nikdo), everybody (každý) a anybody (kdokoli). Snadno se tak naučíte hned několik užitečných slov.

    Exercise 23

    • Doplňte vhodná slova.

    4 are you? – I'm fine. Thanks.
    10 Sorry, I have no time. I'm very now.
    12 on! Hurry . You'll be late school again!
    13 Shall we go bus or car? – We'll a taxi.
    9 Can I with you? – No, you'll stay here.
    5 What's the like? – It's raining again.
    11 I'll be back soon. Will you for me?
    1 I'm not afraid him. He's my friend.
    3 What are the kids doing? – They're some games.
    6 He isn't here now. We will to wait for him.
    14 I'm leaving for London. – Have a safe !
    2 How is she? – She's 35.
    8 He's ! – No, he's wrong!
    7 We're waiting you! You are again.

    Ke slovesu leave (odejít či odjet kam) se váže předložka for, ne to, jak by si Čech mohl myslet! Leave v podstatě říká, že někdo opouští jedno místo pro jiné. Např.: I'm leaving Prague for London. - “Odjíždím z Prahy do Londýna.” Pokud po leave následuje to, je to spíše částice uvozující infinitiv, který vyjadřuje účel. Např.: He's leaving Prague to work in New York. - Odjíždí z Prahy pracovat do New Yorku.

    Exercise 24

    • Řekněte anglicky.

    5 Zdržíme se tři dny.
    4 Bydlíme v hotelu.
    1 Kam jedeš na dovolenou?
    6 Vezmeme si taxi.
    19 Vstupte!; Dále!
    8 Přijdeš?
    10 Jsem Čech.
    20 Šťastnou cestu!
    14 Co si dáte? (k jídlu ap.)
    16 Nejsem připravený.
    13 Bude to stačit?
    18 Je mi horko.
    15 Jak dlouho to potrvá?
    7 Čekáte na někoho?
    9 Chci navštívit přítele v Londýně.
    2 Nečekejte na mne.
    12 Požádám ho o pomoc.
    17 Budete muset počkat.
    3 Dejte se druhou ulicí vlevo.
    11 Půjdeme?

    Sloveso may meɪ znamená “smět”, ale užívá se také k vyjádření potenciální možnosti či nejistoty (možná, snad ap.). Např.: You may be right. - “Možná máš pravdu”, We may go to ... - “Mohli bychom třeba jít do...”, I may be back soon. - “Možná budu brzy zpět.” ap. Více viz tvary might a may v Lekci 14.