Exercises

Exercise 1

    • Čtěte nahlas a přeložte.

    4 My name is ...
    16 We can't wait.
    1 He's a learner of English.
    17 You'll have to ask him.
    20 I have to go.
    18 Have some!
    10 There are many foreigners here.
    13 What will you do?
    3 Let me introduce myself.
    6 Where are you from?
    9 That's my sister's car.
    11 How much is it?
    8 Are they waiting for me?
    15 Can you help us?
    5 I'm not from here.
    14 Shall we go?
    2 What's your name?
    19 I hope not.
    7 Is there anybody here?
    12 That's not true!

    Exercise 2

    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    3 876.7
    6 86.05
    7 2,568
    9 376,750
    10 14,064,559
    4 16.78
    5 3.06
    2 267 people
    1 45 children
    8 17,999.5

    V angličtině lze vyslovovat vyšší číslovky i pomocí násobku celých stovek, a to i pro čísla nad 2000. Např. 1,200 - twelve hundred, 2,500 - twenty-five hundred ap. Místo slova number se před číslem často píše No. či no.

    Exercise 3

    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte.

    11
    2
    12
    9
    7
    8
    6
    3
    1
    4
    5
    10

    Exercise 4

    • Spojte výroky. Naučte se názvy zemí a pojmenování jejich příslušníků.

    • 1 John is English.
    • 2 Lucia is Spanish.
    • 3 Ivan is Russian.
    • 4 Helga and Kurt are German.
    • 5 Bob and Jane are American.
    • 6 Keiko is Japanese.
    • 7 Cheng is Chinese.
    • 8 Luis and Jean are French.
    • 9 Mark and Alison are Irish.
    • 10 Paolo and Valeria are Italian.
    • a They're from Ireland.
    • e They're from Italy.
    • j She's from Japan.
    • g They're from the USA.
    • b He's from China.
    • f She's from Spain.
    • c They're from Germany.
    • h He's from Russia.
    • d He's from England.
    • i They're from France.

    Další národnosti a státní příslušníky si můžete najít ve slovníku. Nestandardní jsou ale například: dánský - Danish ˈdeɪnɪʃ, ale Dán je Dane deɪn, španělský - Spanish spænɪʃ, ale Španěl je Spaniard ˈspænjəd. My ale už víme, že: “Je to Španěl.” lze říct jednoduše pomocí adjektiva: He's Spanish. Stačí si uvědomit, kdy užít anglické podstatné jméno a kdy adjektivum.

    Exercise 5

    • Doplňte podle kontextu správná zájmena.

    2 My sister is going out tonight. I'm going with .
    5 Here's your milk. Drink now!
    10 Look. There's Bob's sister! No, that's not . She has dark hair.
    9 Can I speak to , John?
    6 We aren't ready. Can you wait for ?
    1 There's my brother. Go ask .
    8 Our kids are too young. We can't take with us.
    4 Call your parents and ask . They'll tell you.
    11 We must know this. Please, let know.
    3 Our dog is hungry. We must give some food.
    7 Who's that boy? What's name?
    12 I need to speak with him. Tell him to call .

    Need to se užívá i jako muset (nutnost plynoucí z okolností). Např.: You need to stop it. - Musíš toho nechat., You need to listen to me. - Musíš mě poslouchat.

    Exercise 6

    • Uspořádejte slova do vět podle běžného anglického slovosledu.

    6 your - do - homework - when - you - will?
    8 like - weather - is - what - the - today?
    2 long - it - take - will - how?
    5 will - I - it - tell - tomorrow - him - about.
    4 you - the - tonight - coming - party - to - are?
    7 back - will - we - be - about - six - at - p.m.
    3 her - tell - about - don't - it!
    1 speak - to - need - I - you - to.

    Exercise 7

    • Doplňte do věty vhodné tvary slovesa be v přítomném čase.

    8 Water good for you.
    12 It true! He lying!
    7 Our children too young for that.
    5 these books yours?
    1 Peter, you coming to the party tonight?
    10 Why you laughing?
    11 How much money there? There 15 dollars.
    4 I must hurry. My children waiting for me.
    9 I right? No, you wrong!
    3 What going on?
    2 There lots of children.
    6 I not afraid of you.

    Do you get the joke? - Rozumíte vtipu? (Můžete užít slovník.): I have 10 legs, 8 arms and 3 heads. What am I? - A liar!

    Exercise 8

    • Doplňte podle nápovědy správné tvary přivlastňovacích zájmen.

    6 He can't call you. he phone isn't working.
    9 He's a good friend of I .
    5 Is that your dog? What's it name?
    8 I phone isn't working. Can I use you ?
    3 There are many parents with they children.
    2 You can't have it. It isn't you .
    10 We want something for we children.
    7 The kids are hungry. They want they food.
    1 What's that girl's name? she name is Jane.
    4 It'll be at our house, not they .

    Exercise 9

    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    6 I'm looking/seeing/watching TV now.
    11 We're leaving/going/walking out tonight.
    14 Is it long/far/short from here?. No, you can walk there.
    1 How much/old/tall is your dad? – He's 43.
    7 There will be not/no/any foreigners.
    10 I'm making/doing/putting my best. It'll be ready in/at/on 30 minutes.
    9 Will you get/let/give me know?
    12 We'll meet in/at/on my place in/at/on 6 p.m.
    5 What book are you watching/looking/reading?
    4 My sister is six feet long/tall/big.
    8 Don't lie! Tell me the true/truth/right.
    13 Come for/to/on! We must hurry. We'll be late in/for/to school.
    3 How much/many/little people will there be?
    2 Which/Who/What are you looking for? – I'm looking for you.

    Jít pěšky lze anglicky říct prostě jen walk, nebo také go on foot (jít na noze).

    Exercise 10

    • Doplňte do věty much nebo many.

    3 They've got kids and very little time.
    8 Hurry up. There isn't time.
    10 There are too cars.
    9 How is this car?
    4 There isn't milk here.
    2 There won't be people.
    6 How luggage have you got?
    1 How money will you need?
    5 That's too information.
    7 How friends are coming?

    Exercise 11

    • Doplňte do věty záporné stažené tvary slovesa be v přítomném čase.

    1 I ready.
    11 English phrases easy.
    9 There any money.
    2 She my sister.
    6 This book mine.
    3 My brother here.
    5 There any kids.
    10 Why you at school?
    8 There many foreigners there.
    7 We very happy.
    4 His parents glad.

    Exercise 12

    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    8 Mark is visiting his friend.
    9 I'm watching a film on TV.
    1 John is leaving tomorrow.
    5 They're playing a game.
    4 I'm writing an e-mail.
    6 We're going on holiday.
    12 We're going out tonight.
    3 Jane is still sleeping.
    10 I'm not listening to you.
    2 He's reading a book.
    11 My friends are having fun.
    7 Jane and Bob are coming.

    Exercise 13

    • Doplňte určité a neurčité členy, kde jsou třeba.

    4 The Thames is river in Britain.
    6 Can I have little water?
    3 British are nice people.
    11 I'll take taxi to work.
    8 She's good friend of mine.
    2 Bob is American. He has house in USA.
    1 Jane is nice girl. She's British.
    5 There's lot of water in sea.
    7 There are ten cats in house.
    9 Jean is French. He's French student.
    10 My friends are Irish. They're from Ireland.

    Taxík (taxi) se též nazývá cab kæb, což je původní název pro drožku. Metro v britské angličtině je the underground ˈʌndəˌgraʊnd (podzemka) a londýnskému metru se říká the tube tjuːb. Let's take the tube. tedy v Londýně znamená “Pojedeme metrem.” V USA říkají metru subway ˈsʌbˌweɪ, ale v Británii je subway podchod!

    Exercise 14

    • Spojte otázky a reakce.

    • 1 Am I disturbing you?
    • 2 What time will you be back?
    • 3 Shall we walk?
    • 4 Who are you looking for?
    • 5 Are you going on holiday?
    • 6 Is he American?
    • 7 How long will it take?
    • 8 What will you drink?
    • a No, we'll take a taxi.
    • g I'll leave that to you.
    • f I need to speak to Mr Brown.
    • d No, come in!
    • b Yes, we're going to the seaside.
    • c It'll be ready tomorrow.
    • h At about half past six.
    • e No, I think he's British.

    Zapamatujte si užitečný obrat: I'll leave that to you. - To nechám na vás. Podobně: Leave that to me. - Nech(te) to na mě.

    Exercise 15

    • Doplňte some, nebo any.

    3 Are there kids here?
    4 There aren't people.
    2 Can I have water?
    10 Can he speak foreign languages?
    5 Can you give me money?
    6 We haven't got milk.
    9 I can't see children.
    7 Have you got pets?
    1 We need time.
    8 of them are students.

    Exercise 16

    • Převeďte věty z času přítomného do budoucího prostého.

    1 They are going on holiday.
    9 What are you doing?
    6 He's not afraid.
    2 He isn't sleeping at home.
    3 My mum is making dinner.
    11 I can't come.
    5 We are meeting at my place.
    4 I'm leaving in ten minutes.
    10 Who's coming?
    12 We must do it.
    7 We aren't at home.
    8 When are we leaving?

    Exercise 17

    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    10 Jsou tam nějaké děti? any
    7 Je málo času. little
    13 Kolik je hodin? what time
    8 Je něco k jídlu? anything to eat
    4 Pomůžeš mi? help
    1 Angličtina je snadná. easy
    15 Já nespím! sleep
    11 Nejsou tam žádní lidé. no
    6 Kdy odjíždíš? leave
    3 Neumím anglicky. speak
    12 Dám mu vědět. let know
    5 Posloucháš mě? listen
    2 Učím se anglicky. learn
    9 Kde se sejdeme? meet
    14 Kdy přijedou? arrive

    Spát je anglicky to sleep, ale běžně lze užít i obrat be asleep əˈsliːp. Lze říct: He's sleeping., nebo He's asleep., Are you sleeping? nebo Are you asleep?

    Exercise 18

    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Grass in spring is
    • 2 Bananas are
    • 3 Chocolate is
    • 4 The sky at night is
    • 5 Good tomatoes are
    • 6 The sea is
    • 7 Oranges are
    • 8 Snow is
    • f green.
    • b white.
    • h black.
    • a brown.
    • d orange.
    • g blue.
    • e yellow.
    • c red.

    Exercise 19

    • Doplňte slovo opačného významu.

    8 There's too much work and too time.
    3 I'm cold and she's . I'm tall and she's .
    4 Now we are young, but we'll be too.
    5 His English is very good, but mine is .
    6 She's sad and he's .
    1 English is easy, but Japanese is .
    2 My brother is little and I am .
    7 There will be many men but only women.

    Exercise 20

    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    1 Look at/on/to him. He's afraid at/to/of you.
    12 She'll be here in/at/to five p.m. I'll speak on/to/at her.
    5 It's half to/past/at six. I'm going to/at/for work.
    8 Where is he to/for/from?
    6 That's the house at/of/to my parents.
    2 She'll be back in/for/on an hour.
    7 Don't call me in/at/on night.
    10 We go there on/to/at weekends.
    11 It isn't far of/from/to here. We'll be there at/in/to time.
    4 What are you doing in/at/on Monday?
    9 I'll call you on/at/in the morning.
    3 We'll meet in/at/on my place in/at/on the evening.

    Speak se pojí s předložkou to nebo with (mluvit s někým). Speak to obecně naznačuje spíše snahu o jednostrannou komunikaci (mluvit k někomu, z pozice autority ap.). Např.: I'll speak to him. - Promluvím (si) s ním. (domluvím mu ap.). Speak with naznačuje hlavně dialog. Např.: I'll speak with him. - Budu s ním mluvit.

    Exercise 21

    • Doplňte podle kontextu správné tvary sloves.

    2 Why are you sit here?
    9 Stop it! It's get on my nerves.
    10 What are you read ? My dad read a lot.
    3 My brother speak four languages.
    8 They not be now. They be back soon.
    11 I want see it. Can you show it to me?
    12 We'll go shop tomorrow.
    5 My mum have no time.
    7 How are you feel ?
    6 Who know about it? I let you know.
    1 A man is wait there for you.
    4 We're just work on it. It be ready soon.
    13 Mark enjoy his work.

    České sloveso bavit (co, koho) lze často přeložit anglickým enjoy (těšit se z něčeho, užívat si něco) nebo like (mít rád, líbit se). Je však třeba mít na paměti, že proti češtině dochází u těchto sloves k obrácení podmětu a přísudku! Tedy ne, že něco baví někoho, ale někdo má rád / užívá si něco. Např.: “Baví mě to.” - I enjoy it. ap. Když něco někoho už nebaví, většinou se užije obratu be tired of ..., tedy, že už je někdo z něčeho unavený. Např.: “Už mě to nebaví.” - I'm tired of it.

    Exercise 22

    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    8 Neříkej mu to, prosím! Please tell him!
    10 V kolik hodin přijdeš? What will you come?
    2 Odjíždíme za 2 dny. We're in two days.
    6 Promiňte, že jdu pozdě. Sorry, I'm .
    12 Jak je vysoký? How is he?
    18 Užij(te) si to tam! your stay!
    9 Uděláš to pro mě? you do it for me?
    7 Vypadá to na déšť. It looks rain.
    14 Mohu se tě na něco zeptat? May I you something?
    1 Odkud jste? Where are you ?
    17 Bydlím v hotelu. I'm in a hotel.
    13 Mohu dál? - Samozřejmě! Can I in? - Of  !
    15 Dnes večer jdeme někam ven. We're going out .
    16 Přidáte se k nám? Will you us?
    5 Kolik je ti let? How are you?
    3 Bob má spoustu přátel. Bob a lot of friends.
    4 Jane o tom ví. Jane about it.
    11 Udělám, co budu moci. I'll do my .

    Všimněte si, jak logicky jsou tvořena slovíčka: something - some+thing (nějaká věc - něco), nothing - no+thing (žádná věc - nic), everything - every+thing (každá věc - všechno) a anything - any+thing (jakákoli věc - cokoli). Podobně fungují slova somebody (někdo), nobody (nikdo), everybody (každý) a anybody (kdokoli). Snadno se tak naučíte hned několik užitečných slov.

    Exercise 23

    • Doplňte vhodná slova.

    1 I'm not afraid him. He's my friend.
    5 What's the like? – It's raining again.
    12 on! Hurry . You'll be late school again!
    9 Can I with you? – No, you'll stay here.
    4 are you? – I'm fine. Thanks.
    3 What are the kids doing? – They're some games.
    7 We're waiting you! You are again.
    2 How is she? – She's 35.
    13 Shall we go bus or car? – We'll a taxi.
    14 I'm leaving for London. – Have a safe !
    8 He's ! – No, he's wrong!
    6 He isn't here now. We will to wait for him.
    10 Sorry, I have no time. I'm very now.
    11 I'll be back soon. Will you for me?

    Ke slovesu leave (odejít či odjet kam) se váže předložka for, ne to, jak by si Čech mohl myslet! Leave v podstatě říká, že někdo opouští jedno místo pro jiné. Např.: I'm leaving Prague for London. - “Odjíždím z Prahy do Londýna.” Pokud po leave následuje to, je to spíše částice uvozující infinitiv, který vyjadřuje účel. Např.: He's leaving Prague to work in New York. - Odjíždí z Prahy pracovat do New Yorku.

    Exercise 24

    • Řekněte anglicky.

    18 Je mi horko.
    1 Kam jedeš na dovolenou?
    9 Chci navštívit přítele v Londýně.
    15 Jak dlouho to potrvá?
    10 Jsem Čech.
    16 Nejsem připravený.
    13 Bude to stačit?
    12 Požádám ho o pomoc.
    2 Nečekejte na mne.
    4 Bydlíme v hotelu.
    20 Šťastnou cestu!
    3 Dejte se druhou ulicí vlevo.
    14 Co si dáte? (k jídlu ap.)
    6 Vezmeme si taxi.
    19 Vstupte!; Dále!
    7 Čekáte na někoho?
    17 Budete muset počkat.
    11 Půjdeme?
    5 Zdržíme se tři dny.
    8 Přijdeš?

    Sloveso may meɪ znamená “smět”, ale užívá se také k vyjádření potenciální možnosti či nejistoty (možná, snad ap.). Např.: You may be right. - “Možná máš pravdu”, We may go to ... - “Mohli bychom třeba jít do...”, I may be back soon. - “Možná budu brzy zpět.” ap. Více viz tvary might a may v Lekci 14.