Exercises

Exercise 1

    • Čtěte nahlas a přeložte.

    19 I hope not.
    15 Can you help us?
    13 What will you do?
    20 I have to go.
    5 I'm not from here.
    2 What's your name?
    14 Shall we go?
    4 My name is ...
    10 There are many foreigners here.
    7 Is there anybody here?
    12 That's not true!
    16 We can't wait.
    11 How much is it?
    9 That's my sister's car.
    6 Where are you from?
    18 Have some!
    8 Are they waiting for me?
    3 Let me introduce myself.
    1 He's a learner of English.
    17 You'll have to ask him.

    Exercise 2

    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    5 3.06
    6 86.05
    10 14,064,559
    7 2,568
    3 876.7
    1 45 children
    9 376,750
    8 17,999.5
    2 267 people
    4 16.78

    V angličtině lze vyslovovat vyšší číslovky i pomocí násobku celých stovek, a to i pro čísla nad 2000. Např. 1,200 - twelve hundred, 2,500 - twenty-five hundred ap. Místo slova number se před číslem často píše No. či no.

    Exercise 3

    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte.

    4
    3
    5
    10
    11
    6
    1
    2
    9
    7
    8
    12

    Exercise 4

    • Spojte výroky. Naučte se názvy zemí a pojmenování jejich příslušníků.

    • 1 John is English.
    • 2 Lucia is Spanish.
    • 3 Ivan is Russian.
    • 4 Helga and Kurt are German.
    • 5 Bob and Jane are American.
    • 6 Keiko is Japanese.
    • 7 Cheng is Chinese.
    • 8 Luis and Jean are French.
    • 9 Mark and Alison are Irish.
    • 10 Paolo and Valeria are Italian.
    • i They're from France.
    • a They're from Ireland.
    • e They're from Italy.
    • c They're from Germany.
    • f She's from Spain.
    • d He's from England.
    • j She's from Japan.
    • h He's from Russia.
    • b He's from China.
    • g They're from the USA.

    Další národnosti a státní příslušníky si můžete najít ve slovníku. Nestandardní jsou ale například: dánský - Danish ˈdeɪnɪʃ, ale Dán je Dane deɪn, španělský - Spanish spænɪʃ, ale Španěl je Spaniard ˈspænjəd. My ale už víme, že: “Je to Španěl.” lze říct jednoduše pomocí adjektiva: He's Spanish. Stačí si uvědomit, kdy užít anglické podstatné jméno a kdy adjektivum.

    Exercise 5

    • Doplňte podle kontextu správná zájmena.

    12 I need to speak with him. Tell him to call .
    7 Who's that boy? What's name?
    1 There's my brother. Go ask .
    6 We aren't ready. Can you wait for ?
    4 Call your parents and ask . They'll tell you.
    8 Our kids are too young. We can't take with us.
    3 Our dog is hungry. We must give some food.
    5 Here's your milk. Drink now!
    11 We must know this. Please, let know.
    2 My sister is going out tonight. I'm going with .
    10 Look. There's Bob's sister! No, that's not . She has dark hair.
    9 Can I speak to , John?

    Need to se užívá i jako muset (nutnost plynoucí z okolností). Např.: You need to stop it. - Musíš toho nechat., You need to listen to me. - Musíš mě poslouchat.

    Exercise 6

    • Uspořádejte slova do vět podle běžného anglického slovosledu.

    7 back - will - we - be - about - six - at - p.m.
    8 like - weather - is - what - the - today?
    2 long - it - take - will - how?
    3 her - tell - about - don't - it!
    6 your - do - homework - when - you - will?
    4 you - the - tonight - coming - party - to - are?
    1 speak - to - need - I - you - to.
    5 will - I - it - tell - tomorrow - him - about.

    Exercise 7

    • Doplňte do věty vhodné tvary slovesa be v přítomném čase.

    5 these books yours?
    1 Peter, you coming to the party tonight?
    3 What going on?
    11 How much money there? There 15 dollars.
    8 Water good for you.
    4 I must hurry. My children waiting for me.
    6 I not afraid of you.
    9 I right? No, you wrong!
    2 There lots of children.
    10 Why you laughing?
    12 It true! He lying!
    7 Our children too young for that.

    Do you get the joke? - Rozumíte vtipu? (Můžete užít slovník.): I have 10 legs, 8 arms and 3 heads. What am I? - A liar!

    Exercise 8

    • Doplňte podle nápovědy správné tvary přivlastňovacích zájmen.

    1 What's that girl's name? she name is Jane.
    10 We want something for we children.
    9 He's a good friend of I .
    8 I phone isn't working. Can I use you ?
    2 You can't have it. It isn't you .
    6 He can't call you. he phone isn't working.
    5 Is that your dog? What's it name?
    3 There are many parents with they children.
    4 It'll be at our house, not they .
    7 The kids are hungry. They want they food.

    Exercise 9

    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    8 Don't lie! Tell me the true/truth/right.
    12 We'll meet in/at/on my place in/at/on 6 p.m.
    3 How much/many/little people will there be?
    11 We're leaving/going/walking out tonight.
    14 Is it long/far/short from here?. No, you can walk there.
    10 I'm making/doing/putting my best. It'll be ready in/at/on 30 minutes.
    6 I'm looking/seeing/watching TV now.
    4 My sister is six feet long/tall/big.
    5 What book are you watching/looking/reading?
    9 Will you get/let/give me know?
    2 Which/Who/What are you looking for? – I'm looking for you.
    1 How much/old/tall is your dad? – He's 43.
    7 There will be not/no/any foreigners.
    13 Come for/to/on! We must hurry. We'll be late in/for/to school.

    Jít pěšky lze anglicky říct prostě jen walk, nebo také go on foot (jít na noze).

    Exercise 10

    • Doplňte do věty much nebo many.

    1 How money will you need?
    4 There isn't milk here.
    7 How friends are coming?
    8 Hurry up. There isn't time.
    10 There are too cars.
    2 There won't be people.
    5 That's too information.
    3 They've got kids and very little time.
    6 How luggage have you got?
    9 How is this car?

    Exercise 11

    • Doplňte do věty záporné stažené tvary slovesa be v přítomném čase.

    9 There any money.
    8 There many foreigners there.
    2 She my sister.
    5 There any kids.
    6 This book mine.
    10 Why you at school?
    7 We very happy.
    4 His parents glad.
    3 My brother here.
    1 I ready.
    11 English phrases easy.

    Exercise 12

    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    8 Mark is visiting his friend.
    6 We're going on holiday.
    1 John is leaving tomorrow.
    10 I'm not listening to you.
    7 Jane and Bob are coming.
    4 I'm writing an e-mail.
    3 Jane is still sleeping.
    9 I'm watching a film on TV.
    5 They're playing a game.
    11 My friends are having fun.
    12 We're going out tonight.
    2 He's reading a book.

    Exercise 13

    • Doplňte určité a neurčité členy, kde jsou třeba.

    2 Bob is American. He has house in USA.
    6 Can I have little water?
    11 I'll take taxi to work.
    8 She's good friend of mine.
    3 British are nice people.
    10 My friends are Irish. They're from Ireland.
    4 The Thames is river in Britain.
    5 There's lot of water in sea.
    7 There are ten cats in house.
    1 Jane is nice girl. She's British.
    9 Jean is French. He's French student.

    Taxík (taxi) se též nazývá cab kæb, což je původní název pro drožku. Metro v britské angličtině je the underground ˈʌndəˌgraʊnd (podzemka) a londýnskému metru se říká the tube tjuːb. Let's take the tube. tedy v Londýně znamená “Pojedeme metrem.” V USA říkají metru subway ˈsʌbˌweɪ, ale v Británii je subway podchod!

    Exercise 14

    • Spojte otázky a reakce.

    • 1 Am I disturbing you?
    • 2 What time will you be back?
    • 3 Shall we walk?
    • 4 Who are you looking for?
    • 5 Are you going on holiday?
    • 6 Is he American?
    • 7 How long will it take?
    • 8 What will you drink?
    • f I need to speak to Mr Brown.
    • b Yes, we're going to the seaside.
    • e No, I think he's British.
    • h At about half past six.
    • c It'll be ready tomorrow.
    • d No, come in!
    • a No, we'll take a taxi.
    • g I'll leave that to you.

    Zapamatujte si užitečný obrat: I'll leave that to you. - To nechám na vás. Podobně: Leave that to me. - Nech(te) to na mě.

    Exercise 15

    • Doplňte some, nebo any.

    7 Have you got pets?
    3 Are there kids here?
    9 I can't see children.
    8 of them are students.
    2 Can I have water?
    10 Can he speak foreign languages?
    4 There aren't people.
    6 We haven't got milk.
    5 Can you give me money?
    1 We need time.

    Exercise 16

    • Převeďte věty z času přítomného do budoucího prostého.

    6 He's not afraid.
    4 I'm leaving in ten minutes.
    3 My mum is making dinner.
    9 What are you doing?
    2 He isn't sleeping at home.
    10 Who's coming?
    5 We are meeting at my place.
    7 We aren't at home.
    8 When are we leaving?
    12 We must do it.
    11 I can't come.
    1 They are going on holiday.

    Exercise 17

    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    13 Kolik je hodin? what time
    6 Kdy odjíždíš? leave
    7 Je málo času. little
    5 Posloucháš mě? listen
    9 Kde se sejdeme? meet
    1 Angličtina je snadná. easy
    3 Neumím anglicky. speak
    2 Učím se anglicky. learn
    10 Jsou tam nějaké děti? any
    8 Je něco k jídlu? anything to eat
    4 Pomůžeš mi? help
    14 Kdy přijedou? arrive
    15 Já nespím! sleep
    11 Nejsou tam žádní lidé. no
    12 Dám mu vědět. let know

    Spát je anglicky to sleep, ale běžně lze užít i obrat be asleep əˈsliːp. Lze říct: He's sleeping., nebo He's asleep., Are you sleeping? nebo Are you asleep?

    Exercise 18

    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Grass in spring is
    • 2 Bananas are
    • 3 Chocolate is
    • 4 The sky at night is
    • 5 Good tomatoes are
    • 6 The sea is
    • 7 Oranges are
    • 8 Snow is
    • h black.
    • f green.
    • g blue.
    • e yellow.
    • c red.
    • b white.
    • a brown.
    • d orange.

    Exercise 19

    • Doplňte slovo opačného významu.

    5 His English is very good, but mine is .
    2 My brother is little and I am .
    3 I'm cold and she's . I'm tall and she's .
    4 Now we are young, but we'll be too.
    7 There will be many men but only women.
    8 There's too much work and too time.
    6 She's sad and he's .
    1 English is easy, but Japanese is .

    Exercise 20

    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    4 What are you doing in/at/on Monday?
    1 Look at/on/to him. He's afraid at/to/of you.
    2 She'll be back in/for/on an hour.
    6 That's the house at/of/to my parents.
    5 It's half to/past/at six. I'm going to/at/for work.
    10 We go there on/to/at weekends.
    12 She'll be here in/at/to five p.m. I'll speak on/to/at her.
    8 Where is he to/for/from?
    7 Don't call me in/at/on night.
    11 It isn't far of/from/to here. We'll be there at/in/to time.
    3 We'll meet in/at/on my place in/at/on the evening.
    9 I'll call you on/at/in the morning.

    Speak se pojí s předložkou to nebo with (mluvit s někým). Speak to obecně naznačuje spíše snahu o jednostrannou komunikaci (mluvit k někomu, z pozice autority ap.). Např.: I'll speak to him. - Promluvím (si) s ním. (domluvím mu ap.). Speak with naznačuje hlavně dialog. Např.: I'll speak with him. - Budu s ním mluvit.

    Exercise 21

    • Doplňte podle kontextu správné tvary sloves.

    7 How are you feel ?
    12 We'll go shop tomorrow.
    9 Stop it! It's get on my nerves.
    3 My brother speak four languages.
    13 Mark enjoy his work.
    1 A man is wait there for you.
    6 Who know about it? I let you know.
    8 They not be now. They be back soon.
    4 We're just work on it. It be ready soon.
    11 I want see it. Can you show it to me?
    2 Why are you sit here?
    10 What are you read ? My dad read a lot.
    5 My mum have no time.

    České sloveso bavit (co, koho) lze často přeložit anglickým enjoy (těšit se z něčeho, užívat si něco) nebo like (mít rád, líbit se). Je však třeba mít na paměti, že proti češtině dochází u těchto sloves k obrácení podmětu a přísudku! Tedy ne, že něco baví někoho, ale někdo má rád / užívá si něco. Např.: “Baví mě to.” - I enjoy it. ap. Když něco někoho už nebaví, většinou se užije obratu be tired of ..., tedy, že už je někdo z něčeho unavený. Např.: “Už mě to nebaví.” - I'm tired of it.

    Exercise 22

    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    18 Užij(te) si to tam! your stay!
    10 V kolik hodin přijdeš? What will you come?
    2 Odjíždíme za 2 dny. We're in two days.
    1 Odkud jste? Where are you ?
    17 Bydlím v hotelu. I'm in a hotel.
    6 Promiňte, že jdu pozdě. Sorry, I'm .
    9 Uděláš to pro mě? you do it for me?
    4 Jane o tom ví. Jane about it.
    3 Bob má spoustu přátel. Bob a lot of friends.
    12 Jak je vysoký? How is he?
    15 Dnes večer jdeme někam ven. We're going out .
    7 Vypadá to na déšť. It looks rain.
    8 Neříkej mu to, prosím! Please tell him!
    11 Udělám, co budu moci. I'll do my .
    13 Mohu dál? - Samozřejmě! Can I in? - Of  !
    5 Kolik je ti let? How are you?
    16 Přidáte se k nám? Will you us?
    14 Mohu se tě na něco zeptat? May I you something?

    Všimněte si, jak logicky jsou tvořena slovíčka: something - some+thing (nějaká věc - něco), nothing - no+thing (žádná věc - nic), everything - every+thing (každá věc - všechno) a anything - any+thing (jakákoli věc - cokoli). Podobně fungují slova somebody (někdo), nobody (nikdo), everybody (každý) a anybody (kdokoli). Snadno se tak naučíte hned několik užitečných slov.

    Exercise 23

    • Doplňte vhodná slova.

    11 I'll be back soon. Will you for me?
    8 He's ! – No, he's wrong!
    3 What are the kids doing? – They're some games.
    12 on! Hurry . You'll be late school again!
    9 Can I with you? – No, you'll stay here.
    13 Shall we go bus or car? – We'll a taxi.
    7 We're waiting you! You are again.
    5 What's the like? – It's raining again.
    1 I'm not afraid him. He's my friend.
    4 are you? – I'm fine. Thanks.
    2 How is she? – She's 35.
    6 He isn't here now. We will to wait for him.
    14 I'm leaving for London. – Have a safe !
    10 Sorry, I have no time. I'm very now.

    Ke slovesu leave (odejít či odjet kam) se váže předložka for, ne to, jak by si Čech mohl myslet! Leave v podstatě říká, že někdo opouští jedno místo pro jiné. Např.: I'm leaving Prague for London. - “Odjíždím z Prahy do Londýna.” Pokud po leave následuje to, je to spíše částice uvozující infinitiv, který vyjadřuje účel. Např.: He's leaving Prague to work in New York. - Odjíždí z Prahy pracovat do New Yorku.

    Exercise 24

    • Řekněte anglicky.

    10 Jsem Čech.
    20 Šťastnou cestu!
    9 Chci navštívit přítele v Londýně.
    17 Budete muset počkat.
    13 Bude to stačit?
    4 Bydlíme v hotelu.
    19 Vstupte!; Dále!
    18 Je mi horko.
    16 Nejsem připravený.
    2 Nečekejte na mne.
    8 Přijdeš?
    12 Požádám ho o pomoc.
    3 Dejte se druhou ulicí vlevo.
    6 Vezmeme si taxi.
    1 Kam jedeš na dovolenou?
    15 Jak dlouho to potrvá?
    5 Zdržíme se tři dny.
    14 Co si dáte? (k jídlu ap.)
    11 Půjdeme?
    7 Čekáte na někoho?

    Sloveso may meɪ znamená “smět”, ale užívá se také k vyjádření potenciální možnosti či nejistoty (možná, snad ap.). Např.: You may be right. - “Možná máš pravdu”, We may go to ... - “Mohli bychom třeba jít do...”, I may be back soon. - “Možná budu brzy zpět.” ap. Více viz tvary might a may v Lekci 14.