Exercises

Exercise 1

    • Přeložte do češtiny.

    7 It was nice meeting you.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    20 It feels great!
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    16 Shall we sit down?
    8 We met several times.
    2 Take a look at this!
    12 She never speaks to me.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    1 What are you watching?
    10 What time does your plane land?

    Feel je cítit nebo cítit se, ale lze jej užít i pro popis pocitu, který něco vyvolává. Např. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Studí to. ap.

    Exercise 2

    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    3 They're going to arrange it.
    11 He's got no children.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    10 We got there at seven.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.

    Exercise 3

    • Odpovězte celou větou kladně a potom záporně.

    7 Do they agree?
    5 Is she coming too?
    4 Have you got any money?
    1 Are you hungry?
    10 Am I right?
    3 Can they help us?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    2 Does he know?
    8 Should I tell her?
    6 Will you be there?

    Right znamená správný či správně, ale lze ho užít i v ujišťovacích dotazech. Např. Is that right? - Je to tak? či pouze Right? - Že (ano)?

    Exercise 4

    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    4 3,500
    12 phone number 670098883
    8 9,756,004
    2 He was 52nd.
    6 0.05 seconds
    9 in the year 2015
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    7 35,785
    11 bus number 102
    3 246 people
    10 in the 1980s
    5 4.6,000,000

    V psané angličtině (v novinách ap.) můžete často u částek a hodnot narazit na zkratky K či k pro tisíc (z anglického kilo) a M či m pro milion (million). Např.: They spent $2.5M. - “Utratili 2,5 milionu dolarů.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolarů.” Podobně se užívá i zkratka B či bn pro miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

    • Odpovězte celou větou podle nápovědy.

    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    7 What did they want? more money
    13 When did you see him? last week
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help

    Sloveso hire lze v britské angličtině užít i pro člověka i věc. V americké angličtině se ale hire užívá jen o pracovnících. Pro pronájem věcí (půjčování za peníze) se v USA užívá rent. Např.: We rented a car. - Půjčili jsme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

    • Utvořte věty opačného významu.

    2 She should tell them.
    8 There were more people.
    6 There's too much water.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    1 He speaks English.
    9 They could help us.

    Exercise 7

    • Utvořte věty oznamovací v čase přítomném, budoucím a minulém prostém.

    2 my parents, know
    3 she, send us, messages
    5 I, give him, the money
    6 she, sit between us
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    9 he, not like the food
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    8 our dog, not eat that
    1 he, speak about it

    Exercise 8

    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    9 Hezky to voní.
    smell
    5 Neříkej mu o tom!
    tell
    3 Ať mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    10 To je (ale) škoda!
    pity
    1 To zní dobře!
    sound
    4 Vypadá to zajímavě.
    look
    7 To bude mnohem lepší.
    better
    6 Požádej ji, ať přijde.
    ask, come
    8 Nehádejme se!
    let, argue
    2 Pojďme ke mně (domů)!
    my place

    Exercise 9

    • Převeďte věty do času přítomného prostého a minulého prostého.

    5 School is beginning.
    3 It's snowing.
    1 She's feeling good.
    6 He's coming.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    4 She's making dinner.
    7 She's sleeping late.

    Exercise 10

    • Doplňte 2. či 3. stupeň přídavných jmen.

    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.

    Pozor na předložku: be good at ... - být dobrý v... Např.: He's good at it. - Jde mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vůbec nejde. Slovo even se užívá ke zdůraznění jako české ještě nebo dokonce či v záporu jako ani. Např. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani se nerozloučil. ap.

    Exercise 11

    • Použijte gerundium k vytvoření věty obdobného významu.

    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    2 They love to sing.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    1 He likes to play games.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    3 Music started to play.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    4 He continued to read.

    Exercise 12

    • Přeložte. Soustřeďte se na předložky.

    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    2 You are among friends.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    12 Go down this road.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.

    Zaklepat na něco je anglicky to knock on, např. He knocked on the door., ale pokud někdo stojí u dveří a klepe, užije se běžně i at the door. Ustálené spojení to answer the door pak znamená: (jít) otevřít (někomu, kdo klepe či zvoní).

    Exercise 13

    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.

    Rozkaz: Meet me ... lze česky přeložit jako Sejdeme se ... (tam a tam).

    Exercise 14

    • Doplňte podle kontextu nejvhodnější předložky či spojky.

    8 There were thousands people in the streets.
    3 I got it my friend.
    1 We'll go car to be there time.
    14 He speaks about it every occasion.
    7 He died the age 95.
    2 I met her the bus my way to work.
    11 Hurry up! Our bus leaves ten minutes.
    5 Can you tell me more it?
    6 She looks happier yesterday. She was very sad.
    4 Can I have a glass water?
    10 I'm going to stay three days.
    12 You should do it soon possible.
    13 I go to see him time time.
    9 It will cost more two thousand dollars.

    Užitečné předložkové spojení: without somebody's knowing - bez něčího vědomí. Např.: He did it without my knowing. - Udělal to bez mého vědomí.

    Exercise 15

    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • b We met on the bus.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je delší cesta pro zábavu podniknutá po silnici (hl. autem). Např.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Objeli jsme autem USA.

    Exercise 16

    • Vyberte správné slovo.

    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    2 I don't eat many/much meat.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.

    Látková podstatná jména jako tea, coffee, beer ap., jsou sice obecně nepočitatelná, ale pokud hovoříme o konkrétních porcích, druzích ap., jde již o slovo počitatelné. Takže např. You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobně I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

    • Přeložte pomocí účelového infinitivu.

    6 Potřebuji, abys mi pomohl. need you, help
    4 Abys měl peníze, musíš pracovat. work, have money
    9 Učím se anglicky, abych rozuměl cizincům. learn, understand, foreigner
    7 Řekni jim, aby na nás nečekali. tell, wait
    11 Zavolám bratrovi, aby mě odvezl na letiště. call, take, to the airport
    12 Beru si taxi, abych nepřišel pozdě. take, taxi, be late
    8 Chci, abys to udělal hned. want you, do, right now
    1 Požádej ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    5 Jsem tady, abych si s ní promluvil. speak to
    3 Volám, abych ti řekl... call, tell
    10 Musíme si pospíšit, abychom tam byli včas. hurry, in time
    2 Řekni jí, ať počká. tell, wait
    13 Prosila mě, abych jí dal další šanci. ask, give, chance

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Potkali se náhodou.

    Exercise 18

    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.

    Nezaměňujte užití slov feel (cítit - dotykem, mít pocit) a smell (cítit - čichem)! Např.: Can you smell it? - “Cítíš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtině neutrální - být cítit (čím). Např. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítit po benzínu.” Spojení smell good/nice je vonět a smell bad páchnout, smrdět. Někdy má ale již samotné smell negativní kontext. Např.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdí ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .

    Agree with ... je souhlasit s..., ale: agree on ... znamená dohodnout se na... (čem). Lze užít též vazbu agree to (do) ... Zvolání Agreed! əˈgriːd je česky Platí!, Domluveno! či Souhlas!

    Exercise 20

    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    14 He it to her happy.
    8 How much money does he ?
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    6 Do you any sports?
    4 You should your homework now.
    3 She's dinner just now.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    15 Stop fun of me!
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.

    Všimněte si, jak se anglické sloveso do pojí s podstatnými jmény končícími na -ing (často gerundiem). Vzniká tak mnoho užitečných obratů jako např. do the washing up - umýt nádobí, do the cleaning - uklidit, Let me do the talking. - Nech mluvit mě., I did a lot of thinking. - Hodně jsem přemýšlel. ap.

    Exercise 21

    • Řekněte anglicky za pomoci gerundia. Použijte nápovědy.

    6 Kdy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    5 Ona mi pořád volá. keep, call, all the time
    4 Zkoušej to dál! keep, try
    1 Díváš se rád na televizi? watch TV
    2 Raději cestuji vlakem. prefer, travel by train
    8 Mrzí mě, že jsem to řekl. be sorry for, say that
    3 Je to lepší než sedět doma. sit at home
    7 Umíš si představit, že bys tady zůstal? imagine, stay
    10 Stýská se mi po životě na venkově. miss, live in the country
    9 Nezmínil se, že pojede do Londýna. mention, go to London

    Slovesem miss lze překládat české chybět, ale pozor na obrácení podmětu a předmětu (jako u českého slovesa postrádat)! Např.: I miss you. - Chybíš mi. (Postrádám tě.), He misses his friends. - Chybí mu jeho přátelé., I'm missing one book. - Chybí mi jedna knížka. Podstatné jméno Miss je česky slečna (před jménem).

    Exercise 22

    • Doplňte podle kontextu vhodné slovo.

    4 It's my first in London. I'm staying my friend's place.
    8 Did you talk to him? Yes, he was here 5 minutes .
    11 He promised to help me but he me down.
    13 Sorry, he isn't here the moment. Can I a message?
    2 I wanted to buy it but I was out money.
    6 What time will you be back? – I'll you know.
    12 There's no hurry. We have a of time.
    5 I usually up at seven a.m. but today I slept long.
    10 Is he single? No, he has a wife. They married last year.
    9 He has no siblings. He's an child.
    1 What do you usually go to bed? – At about 11 p.m.
    3 Will you me up at the airport? – Don't worry, I'll be there.
    7 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?

    Exercise 23

    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling

    Exercise 24

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova other, another nebo else.

    6 We will find some place.
    9 Nobody knows that.
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    3 What will you need?
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    2 What do people think?
    4 What things do you like?
    1 Why do you need car?
    8 I'll come time.
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?

    Koncovka -er se užívá i pro tvoření názvů obyvatel města či místa. Např.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýňan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (vesnice) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (vesničan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nelze ji takto však užít vždy! Např. Pařížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Říman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 25

    • Přeložte.

    20 Prohlédli jsme si památky.
    14 On o tom nesmí vědět.
    19 Nebudu moci přijít.
    9 Vypadá to dobře.
    5 Měl jsem moc práce.
    12 Jdu nakupovat.
    11 Nepotřebuji to.
    13 John tam chodí každý den.
    7 Měl bys jí zavolat.
    3 Jezdí do práce autem.
    8 Kdo ti to řekl?
    4 Proč jsi mi to neposlal?
    10 Kolik to stojí?
    6 Jdeš s námi?
    18 Nemohl jsem to najít.
    17 Museli jsme čekat.
    15 Přijdu o půl 6.
    1 Kde jsi včera byl?
    16 Strávili jsme týden u moře.
    2 Mohl byste mi pomoct?

    Sightseeing je složeno ze sights (památky, pamětihodnosti) a seeing (vidění, dívání se), tedy dívání se na památky. Places to visit jsou místa, která stojí za to navštívit.