Exercises

Exercise 1

    • Přeložte do češtiny.

    14 She keeps talking about it.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    8 We met several times.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    12 She never speaks to me.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    20 It feels great!
    9 Is this your first time here?
    13 Let's go shopping!
    1 What are you watching?
    19 That sounds interesting.
    2 Take a look at this!
    10 What time does your plane land?
    5 He tries hard to be the best.

    Feel je cítit nebo cítit se, ale lze jej užít i pro popis pocitu, který něco vyvolává. Např. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Studí to. ap.

    Exercise 2

    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    11 He's got no children.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    10 We got there at seven.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.

    Exercise 3

    • Odpovězte celou větou kladně a potom záporně.

    6 Will you be there?
    5 Is she coming too?
    4 Have you got any money?
    7 Do they agree?
    1 Are you hungry?
    8 Should I tell her?
    10 Am I right?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    3 Can they help us?
    2 Does he know?

    Right znamená správný či správně, ale lze ho užít i v ujišťovacích dotazech. Např. Is that right? - Je to tak? či pouze Right? - Že (ano)?

    Exercise 4

    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    10 in the 1980s
    5 4.6,000,000
    7 35,785
    2 He was 52nd.
    8 9,756,004
    3 246 people
    11 bus number 102
    9 in the year 2015
    4 3,500
    6 0.05 seconds
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    12 phone number 670098883

    V psané angličtině (v novinách ap.) můžete často u částek a hodnot narazit na zkratky K či k pro tisíc (z anglického kilo) a M či m pro milion (million). Např.: They spent $2.5M. - “Utratili 2,5 milionu dolarů.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolarů.” Podobně se užívá i zkratka B či bn pro miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

    • Odpovězte celou větou podle nápovědy.

    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    13 When did you see him? last week
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    7 What did they want? more money
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car

    Sloveso hire lze v britské angličtině užít i pro člověka i věc. V americké angličtině se ale hire užívá jen o pracovnících. Pro pronájem věcí (půjčování za peníze) se v USA užívá rent. Např.: We rented a car. - Půjčili jsme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

    • Utvořte věty opačného významu.

    4 You should eat less meat.
    8 There were more people.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    9 They could help us.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    6 There's too much water.
    2 She should tell them.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    1 He speaks English.

    Exercise 7

    • Utvořte věty oznamovací v čase přítomném, budoucím a minulém prostém.

    2 my parents, know
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    8 our dog, not eat that
    5 I, give him, the money
    6 she, sit between us
    3 she, send us, messages
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    9 he, not like the food
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    1 he, speak about it

    Exercise 8

    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    6 Požádej ji, ať přijde.
    ask, come
    7 To bude mnohem lepší.
    better
    1 To zní dobře!
    sound
    9 Hezky to voní.
    smell
    2 Pojďme ke mně (domů)!
    my place
    3 Ať mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    10 To je (ale) škoda!
    pity
    4 Vypadá to zajímavě.
    look
    8 Nehádejme se!
    let, argue
    5 Neříkej mu o tom!
    tell

    Exercise 9

    • Převeďte věty do času přítomného prostého a minulého prostého.

    2 Bob is trying hard.
    3 It's snowing.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    1 She's feeling good.
    4 She's making dinner.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    5 School is beginning.
    6 He's coming.
    7 She's sleeping late.

    Exercise 10

    • Doplňte 2. či 3. stupeň přídavných jmen.

    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .

    Pozor na předložku: be good at ... - být dobrý v... Např.: He's good at it. - Jde mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vůbec nejde. Slovo even se užívá ke zdůraznění jako české ještě nebo dokonce či v záporu jako ani. Např. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani se nerozloučil. ap.

    Exercise 11

    • Použijte gerundium k vytvoření věty obdobného významu.

    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    4 He continued to read.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    1 He likes to play games.
    3 Music started to play.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    2 They love to sing.

    Exercise 12

    • Přeložte. Soustřeďte se na předložky.

    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    2 You are among friends.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    5 The worst is behind us.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    12 Go down this road.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    10 I'm ready for anything.

    Zaklepat na něco je anglicky to knock on, např. He knocked on the door., ale pokud někdo stojí u dveří a klepe, užije se běžně i at the door. Ustálené spojení to answer the door pak znamená: (jít) otevřít (někomu, kdo klepe či zvoní).

    Exercise 13

    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.

    Rozkaz: Meet me ... lze česky přeložit jako Sejdeme se ... (tam a tam).

    Exercise 14

    • Doplňte podle kontextu nejvhodnější předložky či spojky.

    1 We'll go car to be there time.
    9 It will cost more two thousand dollars.
    13 I go to see him time time.
    2 I met her the bus my way to work.
    8 There were thousands people in the streets.
    12 You should do it soon possible.
    14 He speaks about it every occasion.
    5 Can you tell me more it?
    10 I'm going to stay three days.
    3 I got it my friend.
    11 Hurry up! Our bus leaves ten minutes.
    4 Can I have a glass water?
    6 She looks happier yesterday. She was very sad.
    7 He died the age 95.

    Užitečné předložkové spojení: without somebody's knowing - bez něčího vědomí. Např.: He did it without my knowing. - Udělal to bez mého vědomí.

    Exercise 15

    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • c She had to go to work.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je delší cesta pro zábavu podniknutá po silnici (hl. autem). Např.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Objeli jsme autem USA.

    Exercise 16

    • Vyberte správné slovo.

    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    6 That's too much/many money.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    3 There will be many/much people.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    2 I don't eat many/much meat.

    Látková podstatná jména jako tea, coffee, beer ap., jsou sice obecně nepočitatelná, ale pokud hovoříme o konkrétních porcích, druzích ap., jde již o slovo počitatelné. Takže např. You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobně I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

    • Přeložte pomocí účelového infinitivu.

    13 Prosila mě, abych jí dal další šanci. ask, give, chance
    9 Učím se anglicky, abych rozuměl cizincům. learn, understand, foreigner
    1 Požádej ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    10 Musíme si pospíšit, abychom tam byli včas. hurry, in time
    11 Zavolám bratrovi, aby mě odvezl na letiště. call, take, to the airport
    6 Potřebuji, abys mi pomohl. need you, help
    4 Abys měl peníze, musíš pracovat. work, have money
    7 Řekni jim, aby na nás nečekali. tell, wait
    2 Řekni jí, ať počká. tell, wait
    8 Chci, abys to udělal hned. want you, do, right now
    5 Jsem tady, abych si s ní promluvil. speak to
    12 Beru si taxi, abych nepřišel pozdě. take, taxi, be late
    3 Volám, abych ti řekl... call, tell

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Potkali se náhodou.

    Exercise 18

    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.

    Nezaměňujte užití slov feel (cítit - dotykem, mít pocit) a smell (cítit - čichem)! Např.: Can you smell it? - “Cítíš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtině neutrální - být cítit (čím). Např. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítit po benzínu.” Spojení smell good/nice je vonět a smell bad páchnout, smrdět. Někdy má ale již samotné smell negativní kontext. Např.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdí ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .

    Agree with ... je souhlasit s..., ale: agree on ... znamená dohodnout se na... (čem). Lze užít též vazbu agree to (do) ... Zvolání Agreed! əˈgriːd je česky Platí!, Domluveno! či Souhlas!

    Exercise 20

    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    8 How much money does he ?
    14 He it to her happy.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    1 You are a big mistake!
    6 Do you any sports?
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    3 She's dinner just now.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    4 You should your homework now.
    15 Stop fun of me!

    Všimněte si, jak se anglické sloveso do pojí s podstatnými jmény končícími na -ing (často gerundiem). Vzniká tak mnoho užitečných obratů jako např. do the washing up - umýt nádobí, do the cleaning - uklidit, Let me do the talking. - Nech mluvit mě., I did a lot of thinking. - Hodně jsem přemýšlel. ap.

    Exercise 21

    • Řekněte anglicky za pomoci gerundia. Použijte nápovědy.

    10 Stýská se mi po životě na venkově. miss, live in the country
    2 Raději cestuji vlakem. prefer, travel by train
    8 Mrzí mě, že jsem to řekl. be sorry for, say that
    5 Ona mi pořád volá. keep, call, all the time
    1 Díváš se rád na televizi? watch TV
    6 Kdy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    4 Zkoušej to dál! keep, try
    7 Umíš si představit, že bys tady zůstal? imagine, stay
    9 Nezmínil se, že pojede do Londýna. mention, go to London
    3 Je to lepší než sedět doma. sit at home

    Slovesem miss lze překládat české chybět, ale pozor na obrácení podmětu a předmětu (jako u českého slovesa postrádat)! Např.: I miss you. - Chybíš mi. (Postrádám tě.), He misses his friends. - Chybí mu jeho přátelé., I'm missing one book. - Chybí mi jedna knížka. Podstatné jméno Miss je česky slečna (před jménem).

    Exercise 22

    • Doplňte podle kontextu vhodné slovo.

    12 There's no hurry. We have a of time.
    13 Sorry, he isn't here the moment. Can I a message?
    5 I usually up at seven a.m. but today I slept long.
    2 I wanted to buy it but I was out money.
    4 It's my first in London. I'm staying my friend's place.
    8 Did you talk to him? Yes, he was here 5 minutes .
    6 What time will you be back? – I'll you know.
    1 What do you usually go to bed? – At about 11 p.m.
    11 He promised to help me but he me down.
    9 He has no siblings. He's an child.
    7 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    10 Is he single? No, he has a wife. They married last year.
    3 Will you me up at the airport? – Don't worry, I'll be there.

    Exercise 23

    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double

    Exercise 24

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova other, another nebo else.

    6 We will find some place.
    3 What will you need?
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    9 Nobody knows that.
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    8 I'll come time.
    2 What do people think?
    4 What things do you like?
    1 Why do you need car?
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.

    Koncovka -er se užívá i pro tvoření názvů obyvatel města či místa. Např.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýňan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (vesnice) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (vesničan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nelze ji takto však užít vždy! Např. Pařížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Říman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 25

    • Přeložte.

    1 Kde jsi včera byl?
    15 Přijdu o půl 6.
    16 Strávili jsme týden u moře.
    4 Proč jsi mi to neposlal?
    13 John tam chodí každý den.
    11 Nepotřebuji to.
    14 On o tom nesmí vědět.
    10 Kolik to stojí?
    8 Kdo ti to řekl?
    18 Nemohl jsem to najít.
    7 Měl bys jí zavolat.
    9 Vypadá to dobře.
    17 Museli jsme čekat.
    19 Nebudu moci přijít.
    12 Jdu nakupovat.
    5 Měl jsem moc práce.
    6 Jdeš s námi?
    3 Jezdí do práce autem.
    20 Prohlédli jsme si památky.
    2 Mohl byste mi pomoct?

    Sightseeing je složeno ze sights (památky, pamětihodnosti) a seeing (vidění, dívání se), tedy dívání se na památky. Places to visit jsou místa, která stojí za to navštívit.