16.1Odvozování příponami

Pro odvozování podstatných jmen se užívají tyto přípony:
-age pack - package, bag - baggage, post - postage, mile - milage
-al arrive - arrival, approve - approval, deny - denial, dispose - disposal
-ance accord - accordance, comply - compliance, defy - defiance
-ancy occupy - occupancy, inhabit - inhabitancy
-(at)ion inhabit - inhabitation, solve - solution
-cy dormant - dormancy, clement - clemency, fluent - fluency
-dom king - kingdom, free - freedom, bore - boredom
-er drive - driver, love - lover, cast - caster, speak - speaker, race - racer
-(e)ry brew - brewery, slave - slavery, gun - gunnery
-ence prudent - prudence, inteligent - inteligence, interfere - interference
-ency emerge - emergency, lenient - leniency, constant - constancy
-hood brother - brotherhood, child - childhood, neighbour - neighbourhood
-ing read - reading, speak - speaking, cast - casting, blow - blowing
-ism terror - terrorism, social - socialism, race - racism
-ity audible - audibility, possible - possibility, real - reality
-ment ship - shipment, deploy - deployment, case - casement, impede - impediment
-ness friendly - friendliness, bitter - bitterness, bad - badness, good - goodness, painful - painfulness
-sion delude - delusion, seclude - seclusion
-ship friend - friendship, court - courtship, member - membership, champion - championship
-ure fail - failure, close - closure, depart - departure, rapt - rapture
Pro odvozování přídavných jmen od sloves se mohou použít přípony:
-able break - breakable, deny - deniable, solve - solvable, speak - speakable
-y shake - shaky, whip - whippy, chew - chewy, wobble - wobbly
-ful hope - hopeful, forget - forgetful, hate - hateful
-ive delude - delusive, prevent - preventive, assert - assertive
Pro odvozování přídavných jmen od jmen podstatných se mohou použít přípony:
-(u)al culture - cultural, nation - national, sense - sensual, sex - sexual, rite - ritual
-(i)an Asia - Asian, Russia - Russian, Hungary - Hungarian
-ed flower - flowered, plate - plated, hair - haired, talent - talented
-en wood - wooden, wool - woollen
-ful Vyjadřuje dostatečné množství.
shame - shameful, fear - fearful, care - careful, trust - trustful
-(a)ic prose - prosaic, demon - demonic, hero - heroic
-ical economy - economical, type - typical, history - historical
-ish fool - foolish, child - childish, mode - modish, Pole - Polish
-less Vyjadřuje absenci.
hope - hopeless, head - headless, mind - mindless, end - endless
-like Vyjadřuje podobnost.
dream - dreamlike, leaf - leaflike, man - manlike
-ly man - manly, beast - beastly, ghost - ghostly, friend - friendly
-(i)ous glory - glorious, rebel - rebellious, glamor - glamorous
-proof Vyjadřuje odolnost vůči konkrétnímu jevu.
rustproof, waterproof, soundproof, bulletproof
-some awe - awesome, tire - tiresome, fear - fearsome
-y Vyjadřuje relativně velký obsah či výskyt.
water - watery, mist - misty, grease - greasy
Pro odvozování přídavných jmen od sebe samých lze užít přípony:
-ish Uvozuje částečnou vlastnost.
grey - greyish, brown - brownish, old - oldish
-some weary - wearisome, lone - lonesome
-ward west - westward
Přípony pro tvoření sloves jsou:
-en Uvozují změny stavu.
dark - darken, sad - sadden, weak - weaken, worse - worsen
-ify pure - purify, prose - prosify, intense - intesify
-ize social - socialize, nation - nationalize, harmony - harmonize, slender - slenderize
Příslovce lze tvořit příponami:
-ly mad - madly, wild - wildly, strange - strangely
-ways side - sideways, length - lengthways
-wise other - otherwise, length - lengthwise, cross - crosswise
-ward(s) back - backwards, left - leftwards, up - upwards
Více o příslovcích viz kap. Příslovce.